Chrysanthemum plant named Triumph

ABSTRACT

A Chrysanthemum plant named Triumph having flat capitulum form; decorative capitulum type; yellow-orange ray floret color; diameter across face of capitulum up to 8 cm.; short plant height; spreading branching pattern; average natural season flowering date of September 15 in the West Coast area; average flowering response period of seven weeks in photoperiodic controlled short day programs; and durable, uniform performance in Spring small pot flowering programs.

The present invention comprises a new and distinct cultivar ofChrysanthemum morifolium, Ramat., named Triumph.

Triumph is a product of a planned breeding program which had theobjective of creating new Chrysanthemum cultivars with decorativecapitulum type, short plant height, spreading branching pattern, durableinflorescence, six to seven week flowering response period, and orangeray floret color under outdoor natural season conditions.

Triumph, identified as 82M22001, was originated from a cross made byGrace H. Mack in a controlled breeding program in New Canaan, Conn. inthe year 1981. The female parent, identified as M016, was an unnamedseedling. The male parent, identified as M5218, was an unnamed seedlingbred from Revere, disclosed in U.S. Plant Pat. No. 4,005, crossed withM519, an unnamed seedling.

Triumph was discovered and selected as a flowering plant within theprogeny of the stated cross by William E. Duffett in September 1982 in acontrolled open area in Salinas, Calif.

The first act of asexual reproduction of Triumph was accomplished whenvegetative cuttings were taken from the initial selection in February1983 by Cornelis P. VandenBerg. Horticultural examination of selectedunits initiated September 1983 has demonstrated that the combination ofcharacteristics as herein disclosed for Triumph are firmly fixed and areretained through successive generations of asexual reproduction.

Triumph has not been observed under all possible environmentalconditions. The phenotype may vary significantly with variations inenvironment such as temperature, light intensity and day length. Theobservations, measurements and comparisons describe plants grown in acontrolled open area in Salinas, Calif.

Rooted cuttings were established in soil and maintained outdoors underthe natural temperature and day length prevailing during July throughSeptember. Single pinching was practiced with all branches and budsretained.

The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined tobe basic characteristics of Triumph, which in combination distinguishthis Chrysanthemum as a new and distinct cultivar:

(1) Flat capitulum form.

(2) Decorative capitulum type.

(3) Yellow-orange ray floret color.

(4) Diameter across face of capitulum up to 8 cm.

(5) Short plant height.

(6) Spreading branching pattern.

(7) Average natural season flowering date of September 15.

(8) Average flowering response of seven weeks in photoperiodiccontrolled flowering programs.

(9) Durable, uniform performance in Spring small pot flowering programs.

The accompanying photographic drawings show typical leaf andinflorescence characteristics of Triumph.

Sheet 1 is a color photograph of Triumph.

Sheet 2 is a black and white photograph of three views of theinflorescence of Triumph.

Sheet 3 is a black and white photograph showing the leaves of Triumph inthree stages of growth (mature, intermediate and immature).

Of the many commercial cultivars known to the present inventors, themost similar in comparison to Triumph is the cultivar Revere, disclosedin U.S. Plant Pat. No. 4,005. Reference is made to attached Chart Awhich compares certain characteristics of Triumph to those samecharacteristics of Revere. Similar traits are type, form, capitulumdiameter, permanence of form and color, and response. Triumph has alighter ray floret color, earlier natural season flower date, shorterheight and a larger, more spreading plant habit.

In the following description, color references are made to The RoyalHorticultural Society Colour Chart. The color values were determinedbetween 2:15 and 2:30 p.m. on Sept. 14, 1984 under 380 foot-candle lightintensity at Salinas, Calif.

Classification:

Botanical.--Chrysanthemum morifolium, Ramat., cv Triumph.

Commercial.--Decorative spray pot mum and garden cultivar.

I. INFLORESCENCE

A. Capitulum:

Form.--Flat.

Type.--Decorative.

Permanence.--Approximately 14 days.

Diameter across face.--6 to 8 cm.

B. Corolla of ray florets:

Color (general tonality from a distance of threemeters).--Yellow-orange.

Color (upper surface).--15C, 20A oxidizing to 14C.

Color (under surface).--20B, 20C.

Shape.--Broad; rounded tip. Clustered rays deepen the center color ofthe inflorescence.

C. Corolla of disc florets:

Color (mature).--3A.

Color (immature).--154C.

D. Reproductive organs:

Androecium.--Present disc florets; scant pollen.

Gynoecium.--Present both ray and disc florets.

II. PLANT

A. General appearance:

Height.--Short.

Branching pattern.--Spreading.

B. Foliage:

Color (upper surface).--147A.

Color (under surface).--147B.

Shape.--Shallow lobes. Moderate serration.

                  CHART A                                                         ______________________________________                                        COMPARISON OF TRIUMPH AND REVERE                                              ______________________________________                                                          CAPIT-    AVERAGE                                                             ULUM      NATURAL                                                   RAY       FORM      SEASON                                            CULTI-  FLORET    AND       FLOWER   PLANT                                    VAR     COLOR     TYPE      DATE     HEIGHT                                   ______________________________________                                        TRI-    YELLOW-   FLAT      SEP-     SHORT                                    UMPH    ORANGE    DECORA-   TEMBER                                                              TIVE      15                                                RE-     TWO       FLAT      SEP-     MEDIUM                                   VERE    TONE      DECORA-   TEMBER                                                    RED-      TIVE      20                                                        BRONZE                                                                        YELLOW-                                                                       BRONZE                                                                ______________________________________                                                         DIAM-                                                               BRANCH-   ETER      PER-                                                      ING       ACROSS    MANENCE                                                   PATTERN   FACE OF   OF FORM  CON-                                      CULTI- AND       CAPIT-    AND      TROLLED                                   VAR    SPREAD    ULUM      COLOR    RESPONSE                                  ______________________________________                                        TRI-   SPREAD-   6 to 8 cm.                                                                              14 DAYS  SEVEN                                     UMPH   ING                          WEEKS                                     RE-    SEMI-     6 to 7 cm.                                                                              14 DAYS  SEVEN                                     VERE   SPREAD-                      WEEKS                                            ING                                                                    ______________________________________                                        COMPARISONS MADE OF PLANTS GROWN UNDER                                        NATURAL SEASON OUTDOOR CONDITIONS IN                                          SALINAS, CALIFORNIA                                                       

We claim:
 1. A new and distinct cultivar of Chrysanthemum morifolium,Ramat., named Triumph, as described and illustrated, and particularlycharacterized as to uniqueness by the combined characteristics of flatcapitulum form, decorative capitulum type, yellow-orange ray floretcolor, diameter across face of capitulum up to 8 cm., short plantheight, spreading branching pattern, average natural season floweringdate of September 15 in the West Coast area, average flowering responseperiod of seven weeks in photoperiodic controlled short day programs,and durable, uniform performance in Spring small pot flowering programs.